Background Obesity is a degree of excess weight that predisposes people

Background Obesity is a degree of excess weight that predisposes people to metabolic syndromes via an inflammatory mechanism. group and 31 patients were in the experimental group. The experimental group was treated with a daily dose of 300 mg eicosapentaenoic acid and 200 mg of docosahexaenoic acid. Results Treatment with LC ω-3 PUFAs significantly reduced the level of high sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP) [14.78±10.7 to 8.49±6.69 mg/L (1999-2000) in Palestine the overall prevalence of overweight was 62.4% and 24.4% of whom are obese (2). Specifically in AZD8055 the Gaza Strip 57 66.8 and 67.5% indicated the AZD8055 prevalence of being overweight AZD8055 including obese in urban areas refugee camps and rural areas respectively (3). Obesity is usually a risk factor for developing different diseases including metabolic diseases (4) and diabetes (5). The hypothesized physiological mechanism is the state of chronic low-grade inflammation that is associated with extra adipose tissue (6). The link between obesity and inflammation has been derived from the finding that proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) are overexpressed in obesity (7). The high levels of cytokines generally and IL-6 particularly are associated with decreased nitric oxide and increased reactive oxygen species which lead to endothelial and microvascular dysfunction (8). Accordingly increased serum level of IL-6 stimulates the liver to synthesize and secrete the systemic inflammatory marker C reactive protein (CRP) (9). On the other hand the antioxidant defense factors become lower due to accumulation of excess fat in adipose tissues and the associated production of reactive oxygen species (10). Because of that nutritional intervention has been recognized as a possible method to restore the antioxidant levels and to treat the inflammatory status and metabolic dysregulation in Rabbit polyclonal to AnnexinA11. diabetic or cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients (11 12 Micronutrients such as vitamins and trace elements are required at appropriate intakes for the immune system to function optimally (13). Marine foods consumption is usually associated with reduced CVD risk (14) cerebrovascular disease (15) malignancy (16) depressive disorder (17) and inflammation (18). The effect of fish is usually believed to be mainly due to its component of long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC ω-3 PUFAs) (11). They are represented in the most biologically important forms; docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (19). EPA/DHA product has the potency to treat many diseases. LC ω-3 PUFAs have several important biological effects on a range of cellular functions that may reduce the onset of heart diseases and reduce mortality among patients with coronary heart disease possibly by stabilizing the heart’s rhythm and by reducing blood clots AZD8055 (20). CVD diabetes and metabolic dysregulation have been linked strongly to inflammation (8). Therefore the objective of the study reported here is to evaluate the effect of LC ω-3 PUFAs on inflammatory markers (serum level of IL-6 and CRP) in hypertensive and/or diabetic obese adults. We also aimed to find out the switch in metabolic markers; fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipid profile AZD8055 factors total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) after 8 weeks of LC ω-3 PUFAs intervention. Subjects and methods Study population Eligible participants for this study were obese [body mass index BMI (kg/m2) ≥30] hypertensive and/or diabetic patients between 28 and 60 years of age who systemically frequented the primary healthcare centers to follow up at three locations in Gaza City Palestine. The diagnosis and selection of hypertensive and diabetic cases depended on patients’ self-reporting and proof of the patients’ medical history records obtained from the healthcare center. For instance all of the diabetic patients were type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Participants were eligible if they experienced a high CRP level (high-sensitivity CRP [hs-CRP] ≥6 mg/L; in titer test CRP <6 mg/L AZD8055 appeared as unfavorable). Patients were excluded if they experienced any acute illness within the past 2 weeks regularly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (naproxen and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors) and/or cholesterol-lowering brokers (statins) suffered from systemic and inflammatory diseases that switch physical or laboratory tests (arthritis renal thyroid hepatic respiratory gout active malignant disease pregnancy breastfeeding) and/or documented intolerability to LC ω-3 PUFAs. The recruitment of study.