Supplementary MaterialsSupplementary?Information 41598_2017_14951_MOESM1_ESM. electrode demonstrated a higher strain (~30%) than brush

Supplementary MaterialsSupplementary?Information 41598_2017_14951_MOESM1_ESM. electrode demonstrated a higher strain (~30%) than brush painted Ag NW or sputtered ITO electrode. Furthermore, we demonstrated the outstanding stretchability of brush painted Ag NW/PEDOT:PSS hybrid electrode in two applications: stretchable interconnectors and stretchable electrodes for stretchable and wearable thin film heaters. These results provide clear evidence for its potential and widespread applications in next-generation, stretchable displays, solar cells, and electronic devices. Introduction Stretchable and wearable electronics such as electronic skin, human-machine interfaces, and health monitoring sensors have attracted great attention and are indicative of the future of the electronics industry1C10. The development of soft and highly stretchable electrodes or interconnectors prepared by a cost-efficient simple process is critical for stretchable and wearable electronics because the mechanical performance or reliability of stretchable devices is affected by the electrical, optical, and mechanical properties of electrodes11C15. To fabricate stretchable electrodes or interconnectors, conducting polymers or inorganic solutions have been coated on intrinsically stretchable substrates or wavy/buckled substrates with specific shapes (zigzag or horseshoe) by several printing processes or conventional photolithography processes16C20. Horseshoe-shaped opaque metal electrodes, printed poly(3,4-ethylene dioxylene thiophene):poly (styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS), printed carbon nanotubes (CNTs), printed carbon composites, transferred graphene, and printed Ag nanowires coated on stretchable polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates have already been trusted as stretchable electrodes for stretchable and wearable consumer electronics7C10,21C23. Specifically, Ag nanowire-based stretchable interconnectors or electrodes made by regular spin layer, inkjet printing, transfer printing, drop casting, air-spray layer, and Meyer pole layer on wavy or smooth patterned PDMS substrates have already been extensively investigated24C27. Clean painting can be a cost-efficient and basic remedy procedure that is thoroughly reported because of its advantages, such as low material reduction, ultra-low-cost and vacuum-free digesting, high manufacturability, and superb compatibility with normal order Pitavastatin calcium roll-to-roll digesting. Brush-painting order Pitavastatin calcium can contend with additional printing methods in the region of functional products aswell as low-cost applications since it has the pursuing advantages: control of film width from ~10?nm to some hundred nanometers (because of fast solidification of movies on the hot-substrate), shear stress-induced ordering of polymer chains or 1-dimensional nanostructures caused by contact with the brush, and processability order Pitavastatin calcium on various flat and textured substrates. Reports of the successful operation of brush-painted organic thin film transistors and brush-painted perovskite solar cells have been published since Kim measured resistance under substrate bending. The outer bended sample experienced tensile stress, while the inner bended sample film pHZ-1 experienced compressive stress, as illustrated in the insets of Fig.?6b. The outer/inner bending test results showed that the brush-painted Ag NW/PEDOT:PSS electrode had a constant resistance change until a bending radius of 1 1 mm. This flexibility is sufficient for the fabrication of highly flexible interconnectors and thin films heaters for order Pitavastatin calcium wearable and stretchable devices. Figure?6c shows the dynamic outer and inner bending fatigue test results obtained for the brush-painted Ag NW/PEDOT:PSS electrode with increasing repeated bending cycles (30,000 times) at a fixed bending radius of 1 1 mm. Both dynamic outer and inner bending fatigue tests of the brush-painted Ag NW/PEDOT:PSS hybrid electrode revealed no change in resistance after 30,000 bending cycles, indicating that the brush-painted Ag NW/PEDOT:PSS electrode had good flexibility and stability. Figure?6d shows the results of the order Pitavastatin calcium dynamic twisting test of the brush-painted Ag NW/PEDOT:PSS with increasing twisting cycles at a fixed twisting angle of 15. The inset pictures show twisting steps of the brush-painted Ag NW/PEDOT:PSS electrode. The R/R0 value of the Ag NW/PEDOT:PSS electrode was almost unchanged with repeated twisting for 10,000 cycles. Figure?6e also shows the dynamic rolling test of the brush-painted Ag NW/PEDOT:PSS with repeated rolling cycles at a.